FreeBSD是一款高性能、高可靠性的UNIX操作系统,它继承了BSD系统的纯净性和高性能,其软件包装和发布也比Linux系统更加严谨,同时也具有更佳的安全性,正是因为这些特性使得FreeBSD操作系统在服务器环境中有比较广泛的应用。下面,我就给大家介绍一下如何在FreeBSD平台下架设一台邮件服务器,希望能够对大家有所帮助。
一、安装webmin
下载webmin-1.070.tar.gz
#tar zxvf webmin-1.070.tar.gz
#cd webmin-1.070
#./setup.sh
安装后可以对mysql数据库进行管理,比如添加用户,向表里添加数据。
二、数据库的设置
1、安装mysql数据库
本系统使用的是FreeBSD 4.7下ports安装的mysql数据库(当时使用原码安装时在安装postfix时出错,所以使用ports安装就解决了该问题)。
#cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql323-server/
#make install
#cd work/mysql-3.23.52/
#scripts/mysql_install_db
#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#echo “/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &” >> /etc/rc.local
#/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql & 启动mysql服务
2、设置数据库
添加mysql用户:
1)使用webmin->mysql数据库服务器->用户权限,添加用户postfix, 密码postfix,主机localhost,并设置拥有相应的权限。
2)使用SQL语句添加用户:
#cd /usr/local/bin
#./mysql –D mysql –p
Password:
mysql>INSERT INTO user (host,user,password)
->VALUES (‘localhost’,‘postfix’,’’);
Query OK. I row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>UPDATA user SET password=password(‘postfix’)
->WHERE user=’postfix’;
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>GRANT select,insert,update on mail.* TO postfix
Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>exit
向数据库中添加表:
#cd /usr/local/bin/
#ee postfix.sql
CREATE DATABASE;
GRANT ALL ON mail.* mail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY “postfix”;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
use mail;
CREATE TABLE forward (
username varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //本机地址
forward_addr varchar(255) default NULL, //转发地址
PRIMARY KEY (username)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
CREATE TABLE transport (
domain varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域
transport varchar(icon_cool.gif default NULL, //处理方式
PRIMARY KEY (domain)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
CREATE TABLE users (
username varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户名
domain varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域
address varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件地址
password varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户密码(明文)
uid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’, //uid
gid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’, //gid
home varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘/’, //home目录
maildir varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //maildir目录
quota varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮箱容量
mailok tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,
bool1 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,
bool2 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,
PRIMARY KEY (address),
UNIQUE KEY address (address),
KEY address_2 (address)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
输入完毕后保存退出。
#./mysql –u postfix –p < postfix.sql
#password:postfix
向表中添加数据:
#/usr/local/bin
#./mysql –u postfix –p
password:******
mysql>use mail
mysql>INSERT INTO transport (domain,transport)
->VALUES (’localhost.com’,’virtual:’);
mysql>INSERT INTO users (username,domain,address,password,uid,gid,
home,maildir,quota,mailok,bool1,bool2)
->VALUES (‘test’,’localhost.com’,’test.localhost.com’, ’test’,’1024’,’1024’,’/’,’/var/postfix_mail/test/Maildir/’,’5000000’,’1’,’1’,’1’);
mysql>exit
三、安装CYRUS-SASL
#tar –zxvf cyrus-sasl-1.5.27
#cd cyrus-sasl-1.5.27
#./configure --with-pwcheck=/var/pwcheck --enable-login
--enable-plain
#make
#make install
#echo /usr/local/lib/ >> /etc/ld.so.conf
#echo /usr/local/lib/mysql/ >> /etc/ld.so.conf
#ldconfig
#cp /usr/local/include/* /usr/include
#cp /usr/local/lib/lib*.* /usr/lib
#ln –s /usr/local/lib/sasl /usr/lib/sasl
#ln –s /usr/local/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
#ln –s /usr/local/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
在/usr/local/lib/sasl下建立文件smtpd.conf,添加一下内容:
pwcheck_method:mysql
mysql_user:postfix
mysql_passwd:postfix
mysql_host:localhost
mysql_database:mail
mysql_table:users
mysql_uidcol:address
mysql_pwdcol:password
四、安装和设置postfix
1、安装postfix
1)编译/etc/rc.conf,设置sendmail_enable=”NO”
#mv /usr/bin/newaliases /usr/bin/newaliases.OFF
#mv /usr/bin/mailq /usr/bin/mailq.OFF
#mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.OFF
#pw groupadd postfix –g 1024
#pw groupadd postdrop –g 1025
#pw useradd postfix –u 1024 –g postfix
#echo ‘postfix:root’ >> /etc/aliases
2)安装postfix和相应的quota补丁
#tar zxvf postfix-1.1.11.tar.gz
#patch < postfix-1.1.11_quota_maildirsize.patch
#make –f Makefile.init makefiles ‘CCARGS=-DUSE_SASL_AUTH
–DHAS_MYSQL –I/usr/include/mysql’ ‘AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql
–lmysqlclient –lasal –lz –lm’
#make
#make install 按照默认路径一路回车就可以安装成功postfix,如果出错,在提示“tempdir”时输入:/tmp,这样一般就可以通过。
2、设置postfix
postfix默认安装到/etc/postfix目录下,设置文件也在这
#cd /etc/postfix
1)编译主配置文件main.cf
#ee main.cf 添加如下内容
#Base configure
myhostname = mail.localhost.com //本机的机器名
mydomain = local.com //域名
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.0.0/16 //允许不经smtp认证能发信的ip段
home_mailbox = Maildir/ //使用的邮箱格式为Maildir/
smtpd_banner = Welcome to localhost.com mail system! //smtp的欢迎信息
#Mysql configure
transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/transport.cf
//指定那些域的邮件可以被postfix收下来
virtual_mailbox_base =/ //指定用户邮箱所在的根目录
virtual_uid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/ids.cf //指定postfix帐号的ID
virtual_gid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/gds.cf //指定postfix组的ID
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/users.cf //指定用户邮箱的目录
virtual_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/forward.cf //指定自动转发邮件的设置
#Quota configure
message_size_limit = 5000000 //单个邮件大小的限制
virtual_mailbox_limit = 5000000 //默认的邮箱大小
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/quota.cf
//每个用户的邮箱大小
virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes //是否允许覆盖默认的邮箱大小
#smtp configure
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks
permit_sasl_authenticated permit_auth_destination reject
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated
inet_interfaces = all //监听所有端口
inet_interfaces = 192.168.80.21 //是外面的用户也可以发送邮件
2)查看master.cf文件必须包含下面一行
Virtual unix - n n - - virtual
3)编译transport.cf
#touch transport.cf
#ee transport.cf 添加如下内容
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = transport
select_field = transport
where_field = domain
hosts = localhost
#touch ids.cf
#ee ids.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = users
select_field = uid
where_field = address
hosts = localhost
5)编译gds.cf
#touch gds.cf
#ee gds.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = users
select_field = gid
where_field = address
hosts = localhost
6)编译forward.cf
#touch forward.cf
#ee forward.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = forward
select_field = forward_addr
where_field = username
hosts = localhost
7)编译users.cf
#touch users.cf
#ee users.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = users
select_field = maildir
where_field = address
hosts = localhost
8)编译quota.cf
#touch quota.cf
#ee quota.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
dbname = mail
table = users
select_field = quota
where_field = address
hosts = localhost
3、启动postfix
#/usr/sbin/postfix start
postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system
#echo “/usr/sbin/postfix start” >> /etc/rc.local
#telnet localhost 25
Connected to localhost.localhost.com.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
220 Welcome to localhost mail system!
4、测试postfix
1)建立mail邮件存放目
#cd /var
#mkdir postfix_mail
#chown –R postfix:postfix /var/postfix_mail
2)使用客户端发邮件
此时可以使用客户端的foxmail或者outlook向用户test.localhost.com发送邮件,然后到/var/postfix/test/Maildir/下查看邮件,如果能收到说明SMTP已经工作正常了,如果有问题仔细检查自己的每个步骤。
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